Use this template when writing bilingual abstracts (English + Traditional Chinese). Each version must be independently composed — not a translation of the other.
[Background — 1-2 sentences: Establish the context and identify the research problem.]
[Purpose — 1 sentence: State the specific research objective or question.]
[Method — 1-2 sentences: Describe the research approach, data sources, and analytical method.]
[Findings — 2-3 sentences: Present the key results. Include specific details, numbers, or effect sizes where applicable.]
[Implications — 1-2 sentences: State the significance, practical impact, or contribution to the field.]
Keywords: [keyword 1], [keyword 2], [keyword 3], [keyword 4], [keyword 5], [keyword 6] (optional), [keyword 7] (optional)
Target: 150-300 words
[Research Background — 1-2 sentences: Describe the research context and the problem being investigated.]
[Research Purpose — 1 sentence: Clearly state the research objective or research question.]
[Research Method — 1-2 sentences: Describe the research methodology, data sources, and analytical strategy.]
[Research Findings — 2-3 sentences: Present the main research results, including specific data or key findings.]
[Research Significance — 1-2 sentences: Explain the research contribution, practical implications, or theoretical value.]
Keywords: [Keyword 1], [Keyword 2], [Keyword 3], [Keyword 4], [Keyword 5], [Keyword 6] (optional), [Keyword 7] (optional)
Target word count: 300-500 Chinese characters
| Check | EN | zh-TW |
|---|---|---|
| Covers all 5 components (Background, Purpose, Method, Findings, Implications) | ☐ | ☐ |
| Within word count range | ☐ | ☐ |
| Independently composed (not a translation) | ☐ | ☐ |
| Key findings match between versions | ☐ | ☐ |
| Quantitative data consistent | ☐ | ☐ |
| 5-7 keywords provided | ☐ | ☐ |
| Keywords complement title (not duplicate) | ☐ | ☐ |
| No citations in the abstract | ☐ | ☐ |
| No undefined abbreviations | ☐ | ☐ |
| Reads naturally in target language | ☐ | ☐ |
Your abstracts are truly independent if: - Sentence structures differ between languages - The Chinese version uses natural Chinese academic phrasing (not translationese) - Minor details may be grouped or reordered to suit each language's conventions - Both versions stand alone as complete summaries