Smith (2024) established the feedback-loop framing. The measurement lens follows (Chen & Lee, 2023). One claim cites a source absent from the reference list (Nowhere, 2020).
Chen, W., & Lee, M. (2023). Measuring assurance of learning. Journal of Quality Assurance, 12(3), 45–67.
Smith, J. (2024). Feedback loops in institutional accreditation. Higher Education Policy, 37(1), 1–22.